Low NMNAT2 Triggers SARM1 Activity and Alters Nicotinamide Riboside Response in Axons: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisNMNAT2 is a key protein that keeps axons healthy by blocking the pro-degenerative protein SARM1. Completely losing NMNAT2 in mice causes severe axon loss and early death, but removing SARM1...

Ketogenic Diet and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Brain Energy Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisAlzheimer's disease (AD) impairs brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, with potential differences between males and females. This study tested whether a ketogenic diet and/or ...

Inhibiting CD38 and Boosting NAD+ with Nicotinamide Riboside Reduces Brain Inflammation: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisNeuroinflammation begins when the brain's innate immune system responds to inflammation. If not properly controlled, this inflammation worsens diseases like multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer...

Increasing NAD+ Production in Muscle Alone Does Not Improve Metabolism: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisNicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR), precursors of NAD+, are known to help resist metabolic problems caused by high-fat diets partly by boosting oxidative metab...

In Ovo Nicotinamide Riboside Feeding Increases Muscle Mass and Fiber Number in Broiler Chickens: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisThis study examined the effects of in ovo nicotinamide riboside (NR) feeding on growth and meat quality in high-yield broilers. Fertilized Cobb 700 eggs were randomly assigned to four treat...

In Ovo Feeding of Commercial Broiler Eggs: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisScientists have focused on improving muscle growth during early development because the number of muscle fibers formed before birth sets future growth potential. In poultry, feeding embryos...

How NAD+ Recycling Pathways Influence Virulence in Pneumonia Bacteria: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisNAD is an essential molecule found in all living cells. Some bacteria, like Streptococcus pneumoniae, cannot make NAD from scratch and must recycle it by importing related compounds such as...

Genetically Encoded Sensors Measure NAD+/NADH Levels in Cell and Mitochondria Compartments: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisThe balance between oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms of NAD inside cells controls energy and antioxidant status. This ratio differs between mitochondria and cytosol and is important...

Genetic Background Influences Nicotinamide Riboside Response in Barth Syndrome: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisBarth Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TAFAZZIN (TAZ) gene, which affects mitochondrial function by disrupting cardiolipin remodeling. While clinical trials ar...

Effects of Nicotinamide, Pyridoxine, Nicotinamide Riboside, and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Muscle Stem Cells and Regeneration: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisSkeletal muscle depends on muscle stem cells (MuSCs) for growth and repair, but aging and muscle diseases reduce their function, leading to muscle loss and weakness. This study tested nicot...

Effects of Nicotinamide Riboside on Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA): Preclinical Findings

SynopsisPrevious studies have shown that in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), a mutant protein called polyQ-expanded AR becomes improperly acetylated, and activating SIRT1, an NAD-dependen...

Effects of Nicotinamide Riboside on Mitochondrial Health and Dopamine in Parkinson's Disease: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisParkinson's disease (PD) involves mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced proteasome activity, and dopamine depletion. NR activated mitochondrial function in C. elegans, rescuing α-synuclein-rel...

DNA Replication Stress Causes Complex Metabolic Changes: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisDNA replication stress occurs when cells struggle to copy damaged DNA, affecting metabolism. Using mice lacking the DNA polymerase Rev1, researchers observed sex-specific metabolic changes:...

Counteracting CD38-Induced NAD+ Depletion Reduces Multiple Organ Fibrosis: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisSystemic sclerosis (SSc) involves fibrosis in multiple organs, but its cause is not fully understood. NAD+ decline with age and disease, often due to increased CD38 activity (an NADase), ma...

Comparison of Metformin and Nicotinamide Riboside in Reducing Tissue Aging: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisMetformin (MET) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) both have potential anti-aging effects, but how they work in different tissues isn't fully clear. This study showed that MET and NR reduce sig...

Combined Metabolic Activators Reduce Liver Fat by Boosting Mitochondria: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisWith NAFLD increasing globally and no approved treatments, researchers tested a combination of metabolic activators (including NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside, antioxidants, and amino ...

Combination of Metabolic Cofactors and Nicotinamide Riboside Reduces Obesity and Insulin Resistance: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisObesity is a global health problem marked by excessive fat that often leads to metabolic issues like insulin resistance, high blood pressure, abnormal cholesterol levels, and metabolic synd...

Cockayne Syndrome Proteins Maintain Mitochondrial Health Through NAD+ Signaling: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisCockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare premature aging disorder involving DNA repair defects and mitochondrial dysfunction. Across human, mouse, and nematode models, mitochondrial dysfunction was...

Changes in NMN/NAD+ Ratio Activates SARM1 to Trigger Nerve Damage: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisAxon degeneration is a key feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. SARM1 is an enzyme that breaks down NAD+ and, when activated, causes axon destruction. The enzyme NMNAT2 normally conv...

CD38 Causes Age-Related NAD+ Loss and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisNAD+ levels decrease with aging and are involved in age-related metabolic decline. To date, the mechanism responsible for the age-related reduction in NAD+ has not been elucidated. This stu...