Nicotinamide Riboside Improves Fructose-Induced Lipid Metabolism Disorders: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis

This study examined how nicotinamide riboside (NR), a vitamin B3–derived NAD+ booster, protects against fat metabolism disorders caused by high fructose intake. Mice given a 20% fructose solution for 10 weeks developed obesity, fatty liver, and high blood lipid levels, but daily NR treatment significantly reduced body fat, liver fat, and cholesterol. NR activated key metabolic regulators—SIRT1, AMPK, and genes that promote “browning” of white fat, a process that converts energy-storing fat into energy-burning fat. These changes improved mitochondrial activity and energy metabolism. Additionally, NR altered the gut microbiota, increasing beneficial bacteria such as Actinobacteria and Enterorhabdus, which correlated with enhanced fat browning. The results suggest that NR helps counteract fructose-induced metabolic damage by improving both fat metabolism and gut microbial balance, making it a promising strategy for preventing obesity and fatty liver disease.

Journal

Nutrients