NAD+ Biosynthesis Enzyme Protects Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis The walls of the aorta weaken with age and stress, risking serious damage. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the aorta need NAD+, made by the enzyme NAMPT, for health. In humans with aortic d...

SARM1 Enzyme Drives Axonal NAD+ Loss and Degeneration: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis Axonal degeneration, or the breakdown of nerve fibers, happens early in many neurological diseases. The protein SARM1 is a key driver of this process, causing axons to lose NAD+, a vital ...

Altered NAD+ and Glutathione Metabolism in Fatty Liver Disease: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisIn patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), researchers identified altered liver metabolism, specifically increased demand for NAD+ and glutathione (GSH), a key antioxidant....

Nicotinamide Riboside Dose Improves Metabolic Flexibility: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisMetabolic flexibility—the ability to switch between burning carbs and fats—is a marker of metabolic health. To study NR's effect on this, mice on a mildly obese diet received varying NR dos...

Nicotinamide Riboside Enhances Liver Regeneration: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisThe regenerative capacity of the liver is essential for recovery from surgical resection or injuries induced by trauma or toxins. During liver regeneration, the concentration of nicotinamid...

Nicotinamide Riboside Improves Muscle Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis Neuromuscular diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) arise from genetic mutations that cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. This study identifies nicotinamide a...

Interaction Between Renalase and Molecules to Regulate Cellular Energy: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis Renalase is an enzyme that helps convert unusual forms of NADH and NADPH—called 2- and 6-isomers—back into their normal active forms, NAD+ and NADP+. These unusual forms can block other i...

NMNAT1 Protects Injured Axons by Preventing SARM1-Induced NAD+ Loss After Injury: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisOverexpression of the NAD+ biosynthesis enzyme NMNAT1 helps protect injured axons. Although it's believed that higher NAD+ levels or lower NMN levels are important for this protection, the ...

Quantification of Nicotinamide Riboside, Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, and NAD+ in Human and Donkey Milk: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis Nicotinamide riboside (NR)—the newest identified form of vitamin B3—and its phosphorylated derivative nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) are powerful precursors that increase intracellular...

NMN Converts to Nicotinamide Riboside Before Entering Cells: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisNAD+ is an essential molecule that helps enzymes like sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases work properly. Supplements like nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (...

Nicotinamide Riboside Extends Lifespan and Improves Health in Ataxia Telangiectasia Models: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisAtaxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a rare inherited disease causing worsening nerve damage and loss of coordination. It is caused by problems in the ATM gene, which controls how cells repair DN...

Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation Is Orally Bioavailable in Both Mice and Humans: Clinical Findings

Objectives To determine the time and dose-dependent effects of NR supplementation on blood NAD+ metabolism in humans. Journal Nature Communications Key Outcomes Single oral doses of NR significan...

Nicotinamide Riboside Improves Muscle Function and Restores Muscle Mass: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisNAD+ is an essential cofactor for breaking down metabolic fuels in all cells. However, NAD+ availability can become limited in certain tissues during genotoxic stress and natural aging. The...

Nicotinamide Riboside Reduces Liver Inflammation and DNA Damage: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis Obesity increases the risk of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC), but the exact mechanisms were unclear. This study found that a liver protein called URI links excess nutrients ...

NAD+ Metabolism: Energy Production, Signaling Pathways, and Therapeutic Potential: Review

SynopsisVitamin B3's active forms, NAD+ and NADP+, are essential for energy metabolism, cell protection, and biosynthesis. Modern research shows that fluctuations in NAD+ metabolism activate signal...

CD38 Causes Age-Related NAD+ Loss and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisNAD+ levels decrease with aging and are involved in age-related metabolic decline. To date, the mechanism responsible for the age-related reduction in NAD+ has not been elucidated. This stu...

Nicotinamide Riboside Protects Against Diabetes and Neuropathy: Preclinical Findings

SynopsisMale C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) develop prediabetes with insulin resistance and sensory neuropathy. When given low doses of streptozotocin, these mice model type 2 diabetes (T2...

Nicotinamide Riboside Reverses Age-Related Fatty Liver Disease: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis Aging is a major risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the biological link between the two has remained unclear. This study shows that declining levels of nicotin...

Nicotinamide Riboside Rejuvenates Aged Muscle Stem Cell Function: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis Aging reduces the regenerative capacity of tissues by driving senescence in adult stem cells (SCs), including those that repair muscle, brain, and skin. This study identifies declining le...

Nicotinamide Riboside Is a Key NAD+ Precursor in Cow's Milk: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a recently identified form of vitamin B3 that serves as a natural precursor to NAD+, a vital molecule for energy production and cellular repair. While NR was...