%E2%80%94the%20newest%20identified%20form%20of%20vitamin%20B3%E2%80%94and%20its%20phosphorylated%20derivative%20nicotinamide%20mononucleotide%20(NMN)%20are%20powerful%20precursors%20that%20increase%20intracellular...){kind=link}
Quantification of Nicotinamide Riboside, Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, and NAD+ in Human and Donkey Milk: Preclinical Findings
Synopsis
Nicotinamide riboside (NR)—the newest identified form of vitamin B3—and its phosphorylated derivative nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) are powerful precursors that increase intracellular NAD+ levels, supporting metabolic and mitochondrial health. In this study, researchers developed a fluorometric, enzyme-coupled assay to simultaneously measure NR, NMN, and NAD in milk. Applying this method to milk from various species revealed that human and donkey milk contain all three NAD-related vitamers, with human milk being especially rich in NMN. Collectively, these compounds represent a substantial portion of total vitamin B3 content in milk. Processing methods had notable effects—pasteurization preserved NR content in bovine milk, while ultra-high-temperature (UHT) treatment completely destroyed it. Additionally, NAD levels in human milk declined over the course of lactation, suggesting dynamic nutritional composition. These findings highlight milk as a natural dietary source of NAD-boosting compounds, with implications for infant nutrition and metabolic health.
Journal
Food Chemistry