Altered NAD+ and Glutathione Metabolism in Fatty Liver Disease: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis

In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), researchers identified altered liver metabolism, specifically increased demand for NAD+ and glutathione (GSH), a key antioxidant. Blood levels of amino acids involved in GSH synthesis (glycine, serine) were lower in those with more liver fat. Liver enzyme analysis confirmed impaired GSH production. Supplementing mice on a Western diet with NAD+ and GSH precursors prevented liver fat accumulation. In a small human study, serine supplementation improved liver function and reduced fat. This suggests restoring NAD+ and GSH metabolism through diet may treat NAFLD.

Journal

Molecular Systems Biology