Nicotinamide Riboside and Pterostilbene Protect Motor Neurons in ALS: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes the gradual loss of motor neurons, largely due to oxidative stress and inflammation. In both human trials and mouse models, scientists found that combining nicotinamide riboside (NR)—a vitamin B3 derivative that boosts NAD+—with pterostilbene (PT), a powerful antioxidant, improved movement, coordination, and survival in ALS-affected mice. The treatment reduced inflammation and glial cell overactivation in the brain and spinal cord, while protecting motor neurons from oxidative damage and cell death. In lab experiments, NR and PT also activated Nrf2-related antioxidant defenses, supported sirtuin activity, reduced harmful mitochondrial signaling, and promoted mitophagy, the process of clearing damaged mitochondria. Together, these results suggest that NR and pterostilbene may protect neurons and slow ALS progression by restoring redox balance and improving mitochondrial health.

Journal

Molecular Neurobiology