Article: Measurement of NAD+ Precursors, Including Nicotinamide Riboside, in Human Milk: Preclinical Findings

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Cellular Health Preclinical

Measurement of NAD+ Precursors, Including Nicotinamide Riboside, in Human Milk: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis

B-vitamins are essential for infant growth and metabolism, and vitamin B3 (niacin)—including nicotinamide (NM) and nicotinic acid (NA)—serves as a precursor for the coenzyme NAD+, which is critical for cellular energy. Other NAD+ precursors like nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) also efficiently boost NAD+ levels and have shown therapeutic benefits in preclinical studies, such as reducing neuronal loss after brain injury. In exclusively breastfed infants, human milk (HM) is the only source of these essential vitamins, but accurately measuring all forms of B3 in HM has been challenging. Past studies focused mainly on NM and NA, while NR and NMN were less studied. Recent advances using LC-MS/MS have allowed precise quantification of NR, NMN, and other B3 vitamers in small HM samples. This new methodology is the first to measure multiple B3 vitamers simultaneously from a single sample, enabling large-scale studies to explore how these vitamins support infant growth, development, and overall health.

Journal

Journal of Chromatography B

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