Nicotinamide Riboside Restores NAD+ and Mitochondrial Health in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Preclinical Findings

Synopsis

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that causes ovulation problems, infertility, and insulin resistance. Researchers found that women with PCOS have lower levels of NAD+, a molecule essential for energy production, in their ovarian granulosa cells, which support egg development. These cells also showed increased inflammation, higher oxidative stress (ROS), and weaker mitochondrial activity. In laboratory tests, inflammation further reduced NAD+ levels, but treatment with nicotinamide riboside (NR)—a vitamin B3 derivative that boosts NAD+—restored energy production, reduced oxidative stress, and improved mitochondrial function. The findings suggest that inflammation-driven NAD+ loss contributes to ovarian dysfunction in PCOS, and NR supplementation could help restore healthy cell metabolism and fertility.

Journal

Biology of Reproduction